Hysteroscopy is a procedure carried out to view the inside of the uterus. The instrument used looks like a thin telescope. It is introduced into the vagina, through the cervix , slowly moves through the cervical canal into the uterine cavity.
View through a hysteroscope
A liquid is usually used to distend the uterine cavity to enable proper inspection. The video below is typical of a normal uterus during hysteroscopy. This is obtained by attaching a light weight camera to the hysteroscope.
 |
 |
window media
format video |
|
|
This procedure can be done in an office setting. There is some degree of discomfort but most women find it bearable. However, some patients do prefer to be sedated or even have a general anesthesia.
At different time during the cycle the uterine cavitylooks different. During the period there is much shedding of the lining and the view is poor.
View of uterine cavity during menses
 |
|
window media
format video |
|
|
Uses
| The hysteroscope is useful in the investigation and treatment of: |
| |
1. |
Abnormal uterine bleeding, including heavy, irregular, prolonged and inter-menstrual bleeding |
| |
2. |
Infertility |
| |
3. |
Miscellaneous |
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding:
| Some common local causes of abnormal bleeding are: |
| |
1. |
Polyps, both cervical and endometrial |
| |
2. |
Fibroids |
 |
|
window media
format video |
|
   |
|
Hysteroscopes are extremely useful for diagnosing problems.
With special attachments fitted the instrument is extremely versatile and can in the right hands be used for removing the problems. Operative work includes: |
| |
1. |
Polypectomy – removal of polyps |
| |
2. |
Myomectomy – removal of fibroids in the uterine cavity |
| |
3. |
Resection of septum |
| |
4. |
Endometrial ablation |
| |
5. |
Sterilisation |
|
